Final version

Although at times, rather stressful and hectic, this coursework hasn't been half as bad as I had assumed it to be, and I can actually say, I did learn a lot about the editing of a music video and the importance of certain conventions of a music video, and on the whole it was (at times) fun!

It has been a great learning curve for myself and my fellow group members, in the sense that we stumbled across many obstacles which the other groups had not encountered; such as the lip synching, the darkness, the location, the constant postponing of the re-film of the lip synching and the anxiousness that we may not reach the final deadline (but we did!) etc. But we got there eventually in the end,  and I therefore think we can safely say that all these mistakes paid off and that the we are exceptionally proud of our final edit of the music video. 

For the schedule of our production, we stuck to the Dipity timeline which we had created, apart from the last few weeks where we went off schedule and decided to spend more time on the first draft to perfect it as much as possible, as opposed to making several drafts and editing each one - we preferred the idea of putting in more hard work for the first draft and resulting in very little editing to do once feedback was received, which I think paid off. 

There were times in the music video when the acting can be perceived as a little 'over dramatic', although during the editing process, I actually felt that this was indirectly a genre convention, in the sense that many music videos within the indietronica genre are almost mocking either themselves, the genre or other genres - therefore this over dramatic acting can indirectly be seen as a genre convention - working out in our favour. It is also important to note that we are a bunch of sixth form students which practically no money or high - tech equipment, so obviously our music video wasn't going to turn out like a Beyonce music video would. however, for a student effort, we think that we did a pretty good job overall, and made it as professional looking as we possibly could.

Here is our last and FINAL version of our music video - Constant Conversations: 

Enjoy!

Feedback from teenagers

Since the first draft it is important to gain even more extensive feedback so that we can make sure the video is to the best of it's ability, therefore Zach went round and asked some teenagers (The lower end of our target audience) for some more feedback, which can be viewed below:




It seems that most people who have given us feedback for our music video say the same things, both adults and teenagers. They both comment on the cinematography and professionalism of the footage and understanding of the narrative which are the most important things which we tried to get across in our video. There was however, repetition on how the acting could've been better in certain scenes of the video and that it looked very staged and almost fake at times. This was the only strong criticism throughout the audience feedback and the majority seemed content with the video.

Second lot of feedback

Since the feedback from our first draft, we have obviously changed things about our music video. Therefore it is important that we are able to gather some more feedback in regard to the latest (and hopefully final) version of our music video. 

Therefore we asked our fellow peers in our form to comment on what they thought of our music video, and also our form tutor:




The main thing which we picked up from this feedback was that the cinematography, colour grading and the style is very strong, especially the 'haziness' of the scenes. They felt that the narrative was relatively easy to understand, although there was the odd comment about there being too many characters at the start, making it slightly confusing; however at a later stage it is mentioned that actually the more the video progresses, the easier it is to distinguish the characters and its meaning.

Finishing touches

It seemed that time was running out and was unfortunately not on our side, and therefore the finishing touches of our video needed to be finalised. In most cases, there would have been approximately 3 drafts, however as we have already discussed, we wanted to perfect the first draft thus spending far longer on the first draft than probably needed in order to allow for minimal changes on our video after feedback. 

The feedback which we received from our teachers and our form class were easily solved and manageable. 

Problem: Again, one media teacher commented on the first 40 seconds looking like a short film. Especially the display of the artist and song name across the screen.

Solution: We will put the titles along the bottom (instead of over the top of the footage) and immediately it will connote a music video.

Because of this, we very reluctantly decided to remove the existing titles; 'Passion Pit' and 'Constant Conversations'.  We then decided that we would just use the traditional display of the artist and song title - in the bottom left-hand corner, which is of course, a convention of music videos anyway.

Ultimately, this removes the 'documentary' feel to the music video.

Problem: No record label

Solution: Put at the end of the video

For this, we needed to go back over our initial record label research in order to discover who is responsible for our artist - Passion Pit. In which, we discovered that Columbia Records, which is a conglomerate of Sony Music Entertainment. Therefore we decided to put a black screen at the end displaying the record company. 

Problem: A few lip synching shots were out of time

Solution: Re-time them in Final Cut

For this, we just shortened or lengthened each clip as necessary and moved each one forward or backward by several frames in order to match the duration of the lyrics. This did however, take a while because most of the lip synching shots were actually fine so it became more difficult to find the ones which were not fine. However, of course, we did eventually find the out of synch ones and made sure that they were now in synch. 

After most of the final editing was finished, we decided that we wanted to connote the 'film look' despite this being a music video, and despite being previously told to take things out of the video because it was too 'documentary' like - we wanted this look. The main thing we wanted to add was a 'letter box', which is essentially two black bars - one at the top and one at the bottom of the screen. This then gives the video a more cinematic feel to it and adds a touch of professionality. 

In order to do this, we simply cropped the footage by 65.0 px on the top and bottom and it then revealed the black background underneath. However, one problem we encountered was that some of the clips needed to be moved higher or lower in order to ensure that nothing important was cropped out.  For example; on the final shot, half of the girl's head was obscured by the black bar, so we therefore needed to move the footage lower to make the rest of her head visible and so that it doesn't look tacky and careless. 

Before:

After:

The final change made was that we decided to extend the smile at the end of the video for another 5 frames. The reason we did this was because when showing the video around for feedback, a few people hadn't actually noticed the smile at the end, so therefore if we extended it's duration then people should hopefully notice the smile.

First draft feedback

Once our first draft was complete we wanted to show it to our media teachers and see what their opinion was and listen to their feedback. We filmed their response to our video, and they gave us some really valuable feedback:

Here are some of the key things which were mentioned, which will need to be changed in our video:

Problem: Again, one media teacher commented on the first 40 seconds looking like a short film

Solution: We will put the titles along the bottom (instead of over the top of the footage) and immediately it will connote a music video.

Problem: No record label

Solution: Put at the end of the video

Problem: A few lip synching shots were out of time

Solution: Re-time them in Final Cut

Overall editing of our music video

When it comes to editing the footage, we are using a software called 'Final Cut Pro'. This software is thankfully quite straightforward to use and therefore doesn't require much practice or tutorial before fully getting the hang of it. 

Throughout the process of creating and editing our music video in Final Cut, we took some screenshots which explain how to use the Final Cut software. 

We put a section of the clips into the timeline in order to see if they flowed and if they fitted well together, we then made sure that it fitted in with the music and the beat.

We took certain sections from each clip and put it into the timeline. We didn't use all of the footage we had filmed and we chose which section we wanted from each individual clip, as we did not need the full duration of each clip. Previous to the editing, Zach had colour corrected these clips; this therefore sped up the editing process for us once the clips were on Final Cut.

Our timeline began to look rather messy and compact. But thankfully, regardless of the messy display of footage, all the group members were fully aware of the stages we were up to and could understand what was going on.

Once the editing was in full swing, obviously we were getting feedback for what had been produced so far, and as a group we were also able to notice and point out little flaws with the editing so far. One flaw which had been pointed out was the fact that we lacked footage and we needed to use up as much footage as possible in order to cover the full duration of our video. Therefore for certain clips we decided it could be a good idea to slow down some clips in order to fill up screen time and to also fit in with the overall atmosphere of the video. Luckily for us, our clips were filmed at 48fps rather than the standard 24fps which means that the individual frames wont be seen when the clip is slowed down as it was filmed at a higher frame rate.

We decided that the speed of the clip needed to be slower than 50%, but this unfortunately meant that some of the frames then became visible. Thankfully, Zach has good experience and skill with Final Cut and has actually experienced this exact incident before and he therefore knew how to prevent the frame visibility from happening. He used a new tool to Final Cut Pro; the 'Optical Flow' with extrapolates and the bits in between the frames preventing them from being visible.

First draft of our music video

In the media industry, and in particular with the editing of media, be it professional or beginner; feedback is key. In order to receive any sort of feedback it is important to have a rough model for people to comment on and give feedback; most commonly known as a first draft. 

As previously stated, we had an issue when the first draft feedback session took place with the teachers, the problem being that we had only editing the first 40 seconds of the video and therefore had barely anything to gain any feedback on. This was essentially an eye opener for our group, in the sense that we needed to speed up the editing process as time is ticking. 

Although, our argument for the time issue was that we would rather spend more time perfecting the video so that once the final draft is complete it would hopefully be near to the final and finished product and would therefore have little changes to make once received any feedback.

Here is our first draft:

The Rewind

A key feature of our music video is that it features a 'rewind', and in order to distinguish the difference between the rewind and the original narrative, we needed to make it clear, and by doing so we thought it was our best shot to change the colour of the rewind to make it stand out to the viewer. 

We decided on a 'vintage' effect which we collectively felt tied in exceptionally well with the atmosphere of the video and subtly shows the viewer that this is a 'rewind'. Once this was decided, Zach then created three different rewind options, of which we would decide on one final rewind; the brightness altered in each one, which meant that all three had essentially created different moods for the video. 

In order to create the rewind clip for our music video, we would need to reverse all the clips previous to the rewind and then speed them up. We didn't include any lip synching in the rewind as it is separate from the narrative and may also cause confusion and we wanted to keep the rewind as simple as possible for it's full effect. 

Below is a screenshot of our footage on Final Cut and how one can go about 'reversing' a clip in order to create a rewind for a music video. 

Colour correction

Zach took on the role of 'colour correction', which is basically where you simply adjust or tweak the colouring of the footage which we have filmed. In the words of Zach 'colour correction often occurs after the first few rushes have been made and towards the end of the editing process', however we needed to get the colour correction done beforehand. 

The reason that Zach took on the role of colour correction lay in the fact that he has a Final Cut add-on called 'Magic Bullet' which is not available on the school laptops and therefore he needed to do it on his own laptop, and would then be transferred onto the school laptop at a later stage once completed. It was however, important that the whole group were aware of what Zach would be doing to the footage and what the colour correction would look like as an outcome, therefore we needed to discuss what sort of atmosphere and look for the footage that we wanted to achieve from the colour correction. We also wanted a different look for the lip synching scenes and in this look we would have to correct the exposure in some of the shots and to also reduce the background noise, which can become very time consuming, as Zach would know. 

After a short discussion, we chose a look which we feel heavily borrows from the original music video by Passion Pit. This look had quite a vintage finish to it which creates a soft rather than edgy atmosphere to the footage, which should hopefully look really good. 

Here are some screenshots which Zach took whilst undergoing the colour correction process: 

Zach dragged this effect onto the footage in order to activate the 'Magic Bullet' add-on. 

These are the scopes that can be played around with, and the main one which Zach used was the 'Hue/Saturation' ones. 

Three way colouring is key to successful colour grading, slightly offsetting the highlights, mid-tones and shadows helped Zach to achieve this look successfully.

Adding a slight vignette adds a faded look and changing the colour curve on the subject can sway the hue and saturation in order to make the colours softer. 

Here is a brief video in which Zach demonstrates the difference between the colour corrected versions of the footage and the original, and hence stresses the importance and the effect of colour correction. 

Ending open to interpretation

Unfortunately, I was off ill the whole of the past week and therefore have not been in school to help with the editing or shift in ideas.

Zach very kindly sent me a message on Facebook explaining that someone had given him the idea to end the video with the main character smiling, instead of just looking up at the boy offering her a drink, and wanted to know my opinion on this ending. He then told me that he had briefly explained this ending to our media teacher who loved this idea and further offered that perhaps the smile could initiate your own interpretation, that because of the rewinds it is made clear that these are all just possible scenarios which could happen if she takes the drink, and that she is smiling because she knows what she is going to do, but nobody else does; leaving it up to audience's own interpretation.

This is how our video ended before the smile was added in:

This is how our video ended once the smile was added in:

Regardless of our teacher feedback on this shot, as a group, we decided that our interpretation of this is that she is smiling because she doesn't actually know which option to choose and she doesn't know of the different outcomes either, therefore she is still in a positive mind state. What the audience are shown in the course of the video are just possibilities for what could happen if she does or doesn't take the drink. However, this is of course just our group interpretation and it is in fact open to your own interpretation - with no right or wrong answer. 

Encountering some problems with the text used in our video

Since the first teacher feedback session yesterday, the main piece of negative criticism which stood out to the group was the idea that the display of 'Passion Pit' and the song title 'Constant Conversations' gives the music video a documentary atmosphere which doesn't seem to work, and that we need to change it or play around with it. 

However, as previously stated, collectively we decided that we would try whatever we could so that we didn't need to remove it from our video, as we all really like the feature and we think it is a good  inditronica genre convention within music videos; it relates to the Passion Pit's other music videos which feature a very similar convention and it also introduces the artist and the song, which we felt was a good idea as they are not a very well - known band; it therefore helps the audience to become familiar with the band's identity. 

We therefore continued to look into other music videos, in particular Passion Pit's videos, but also from other artists within the indietronica genre in order to see their style of music video and how, if at all, they choose to display the artist and song title. From this research we noticed that in fact many music videos share the same style as we had which obviously wasn't helpful considering we have to remove the text displayed at the beginning of our video - which is a real shame. 

However, from this extensive research, we noticed that Passion Pit's original music video to Constant Conversations (as previously shown) features the artist title and song title in separate shots, which didn't help us considering we needed to find an alternative way of displaying these titles. We then stumbled across Passion Pit's video for 'Talk A Walk' which displays a different way of the song and artist titles: 

Therefore, we decided that it was probably best to scrap the initial display of the artist and song title being separate, and to merge them together at the beginning of our video, in order to remove the documentary-feel:

Teacher feedback session

FIRST FEEDBACK SESSION FOR FIRST DRAFT

During our double Media lesson on Monday 26th January, there was a teacher feedback session in regard to the 'first draft' of our video.

However, of course, we were met with problems. Problems including that we have only edited the first 40 seconds of our video so far, and therefore we only had a 40 second clip to show the class and also the teachers. Seeing this was supposed to be our first draft, therefore this can be conceived as a major issue because 40 seconds worth of video was most obviously not our first draft.

Therefore, this showed us that we had a poor judgement of timing and therefore needed to work quicker and more effectively with our editing. It is also important that we meet the next deadlines required of our group.

However, we still had to show something to the teachers and class, therefore we had to show the 40 seconds which we had edited. The first 40 seconds of our video don't include any lip synching scenes, therefore we were asking the teachers to comment on the introduction of the video and the setting of the scene and atmosphere.


The two pieces of feedback which we received were:

1) The writing over the footage which introduced the song title and the artist and giving it a sense of identity gave the video a 'documentary - type' feel, and not a music video atmosphere which is what it should have been.

However, as a group we were all really fond of the displayed font and we felt that it added to the sleek atmosphere of the video. Passion Pit's official video for Constant Conversations also includes text in their video. Therefore we got the idea from that, and I do not feel that it gives it a 'documentary' feel as opposed to a music video feel, therefore for the moment, we are going to keep the text as collectively we all really like it. 

2) The scene where everyone is entering the 'party in the woods' was too fast and needs to be slowed down and therefore lacked a party atmosphere. Therefore we need to look at alternate ways of editing this footage to add to a fast party pace without it actually being sped up, which is what most of the teachers seemed to comment on.







SECOND FEEDBACK SESSION FOR FIRST DRAFT

Re - filming the lip synching

When looking at some of the footage of the lip synching from the second shoot, we noticed that the lead singer lost track of some of the lyrics and because he was in a hurry some of the footage was rushed and we did not get complete coverage of all the lip synching needed for our video.

Therefore, Zach rearranged to meet Danny (the lead singer) in order to re film the lip synching for our video. Unfortunately because Zach managed to reschedule the lip synching with Danny at quite late notice, neither myself, Amy or Abi were able to make it to the filming.

The footage which Zach came out with looked much better than the first attempt at lip synching, as did the quality of the footage.

Some organising for the schedule of editing

Now that we have the majority of our footage filmed, we will now need to dedicate our time to editing and creating our music video.

Although the actual editing has not yet begun, we still wanted to make the use of our time effective, we therefore spent today discussing our plan of action in regard to the editing.

Our plan of action is as follows:

• Use most media lessons to edit.
• Follow the storyboard as close as possible, while using creative decisions and lyrical cues to decide when to put an appropriate lip synching clip.
• Review all footage twice to ensure that there are no mistakes or problems with it e.g an actor laughing in the background.
• Cut on the beat, as we learnt from the previous Final Cut Pro task.
• If we do any individual editing, show all other group members before clicking save.

Some brief outcomes from the footage

After the first failed attempt, there was much room for improvement for the second attempt. Therefore we made sure that any previous errors which had been made were not made a second time around. For example; we chose a much closer location which was easier for us all to get to as opposed to Essex which only 1/4 of the group could easily access. We also started filming much much earlier, at 11am as opposed to 3pm, meaning that the lighting would be far greater than the previous attempt which had made the footage very grainy and unprofessional-like. The location of the woods was in a much more open area and thus meaning that the light could be seen and reached easier and therefore the 'ISO value' didn't need to be as high (the lower the value, the clearer the quality!).

In order to allow more freedom, we decided to add a prologue scene and also go slightly off storyboading, which therefore meant that it was easier to allow creativity and non-scripted events to happen. Filming off of a script or storyboard can often mean that the footage is more realistic as people aren't having to act in a certain way and thus can be seen as more natural. After looking over the footage after the shoot was finished, we decided that this was a successful decision as we managed to capture some interesting shots and the acting looked a lot better than the previous video. 

The first major problem that we were met with was when the sun began to set around approximately 4pm.  We decided that it was more practical to get all the narrative shot first, however the lip synching was yet to take place, and the darker it was getting the more we realised that we really needed to get some lip synching done, if not all, then we would have to shoot again on another day. Luckily however, we brought a fill light with us which was utilised to its full potent ion; the close ups looked amazing when the light was directed as the lead singers face. Unfortunately however, some of the long shots had more grain than expected which don't look as great on the bigger screen. 

Here are two screen shots from the footage where the difference can be seen:

No noise.

A slight bit of visible noise, but not a massive problem.

One other issue we were met with was that Danny, the lead singer, was in a slight hurry and so some of the lyrics were rushed and thus some of the shots were not perfected as you can see that Danny is not reciting the lyrics very clearly, and therefore some of the lip synching might need to be reshot. However, this shoot was definitely more successful than the first shoot and the footage we got was much more professional looking than the first. We also gathered up more footage and therefore there was more to play around with when editing.

The Shoot (Second attempt!)

I have just gotten home from our shoot, which was a massive success!

Seeing as the footage which the group had got from the previous shoot wasn't much use to us, we needed to re-shoot the footage and extra which we hadn't got from the previous shoot. We therefore changed location and timing. We decided to film in a forest opposite Zach's grandparents in Cockfosters, which was easier for most people to get to, whereas the previous shoot had been in Essex which was not ideal for anyone apart from Zach to get to! We told the cast to meet us by Cockfosters station at 11:30am, but we met earlier for brunch and so that we could discuss what needed to be shot etc.

Zach has a close group of friends (about 10 of them) who all helped us out by coming to the shoot, and then earlier on in the week we realised that we still needed a lead role for the lip synching, and I had the perfect person in mind - my friend Danny. Therefore I messaged him to see if 1) he would be willing to take on that role and 2) if he was free for the shoot (Monday 22nd December), and I was successful!

Zach guided us to the shoot location, and once everyone had arrived we were ready for action! We started filming at around 12:15pm which was about 3 hours earlier than the first shoot - already a major advantage and the lighting in the footage came out 100x better! We decided to scrap any footage which was recorded from the previous shoot and just start from scratch as the lighting was so much better and the footage looked much more professional on the camera, therefore it was a good idea to just start from the beginning, which we did.

Although it was rather chilly out, everyone braced the coldness and collectively we felt that overall the shoot was very successful! Zach's grandma even made us cheese sandwiches as a small snack during our 10 minute break which was lovely of her as we were all hungry!!

Here are some behind the scenes photos:

Feedback on footage

We showed our media teacher the footage which we had, and we gathered some key feedback:

Problem: "The narrative is fairly ambiguous and there isn't enough focus on the characters emotions and it's unclear on who is who". 

Our solution: When we re-film we will include a prologue which will give an in depth insight about the main girl. Moreover, we will dress each person in distinguishable clothes so that the audience knows what character is on screen. Maybe more close-ups would help draw out a narrative and emotions too?

Problem: "It is a bit like a short film, rather than a music video".

Our solution: We will include some lip synching and introduce a lead singer (the guy who offers the girl the drink) which should reiterate the fact that we are producing a music video, not a short film.

Problem: "While the filter looks fairly creative and does fit with the genre of music, the juxtaposition between shots in terms of light and darkness is too much".

Our solution: We will 100% film it in the daytime now. The night was too much a challenge and my own camera is incapable of picking up such dark conditions without the purchasing of an expensive lens with a low aperture. 

Problem: "The party atmosphere isn't really there".

Solution: We will include more lively behaviour, more shots of drink and the daytime filming should induce the party theme.

This has shown us that we will need to reshoot our footage, which means scheduling another filming date: Monday 22nd December, which funnily enough turns out to be the exact date shown on our Dipity timeline for the shoot date! We aim to start filming much much earlier than the first shoot, hopefully be shooting by midday, whilst it is still light out, and aim to finish just as it is getting dark. We have also changed the location to a forest right next to Trent Park which is much more practical and ideal for the majority of the group and cast to get to, as opposed to going back to Essex where the first footage was recorded.

The Shoot: Day 1: Behind The Scenes

From what I have been told about the shoot, Abi took on the role of getting any behind the scenes footage of the shoot. However, due to the poor lighting they were only able to take any effective behind the scenes photos at the very beginning of the filming and not really very much after that.

Here are some of the images which Abi took:

The Shoot: Day 1

So, we had our shoot scheduled for Sunday 14th December, of which still went ahead. However, unfortunately I came home from school on Wednesday feeling ill which I had hoped would pass, but on Sunday I was still in bed ill, so unfortunately I was unable to make it along for the shoot, but of course, the other three team members were all still able to make it. I am so sorry to the team that I let down, but now I am better and ready to get on with the editing of the footage which they got from the shoot on Sunday.

I therefore got the low-down on what happened at the shoot from my fellow group members. The group met at around 2pm in Essex, met the cast (of which consisted of around 10 people) and then headed to the forest for shooting. They chose to initially start with a photoshoot to produce stills of the music video shoot, which came out pretty good as the lighting was great then, just before it got dark. However, looking back now this was probably a small rookie error because the actual footage which was recorded came out too dark and grainy because it got too dark and too much time was spent on doing the photoshoot earlier on. Therefore, this is a lesson learnt for the second shooting where we will make sure we start filming much earlier so that the footage comes out brighter and better quality.

The filming didn't start until around 3:15pm which straight away seemed a mistake and it became very clear that the group were working in a race against time before it got dark, and hadn't allowed enough time before the darkness overcame. The footage completed was done by successfully following the storyboard which had been previously created and all the necessary shots were filmed in the correct order etc; and when it came to editing the beginning of the video this was extremely helpful.

The weather was fortunately dry and sunny which helped to enhance the lighting of the shots, and as long as it wasn't raining then all is good! Although I was wrapped up nice and warm up bed, the rest of my group were out in the freezing cold filming all afternoon for our video, however luckily everyone came dressed appropriately as they had been told that it would be cold.

Here is the footage we got, with a bit of editing:




The problems:

Problem 1: The cast

As a bunch of teenagers normally are, the actors couldn't keep still. They wasted endless hours playing with the sparklers and chatting which could have been time we spent filming. Now we have to order more sparklers too.

Problem 2: The time

Many of the cast live quite far away and so by the time we started filming it was time for them to go home which meant not much 

Problem 3: The lighting

As it is winter time, we forgot how quickly it gets dark. By around 4.30pm, it was so dark that you could barely see a metre in front of you. This meant that there were tonnes of miscommunications between the actors and director but worst of all it caused all sorts of problems with some of the camera shots. Our light source was either too bright or not bright enough an overall the quality of the footage just wasn't good. Below are some examples:

There is an incredible amount of visible 'noise' in this screenshot from the footage which looks highly unprofessional and collectively we weren't very happy about, and not even Final Cut could fix this! There is also the error of copyright with the beer logo visible to the viewer, we therefore can't have this because of Trade Mark laws. 

Overexposure was the problem when looking at this shot. The problem wasn't the camera, but the fact that our LED light was placed too close to the actor. It was hard to find a balance as too far and its noisy, too close and its overexposed and unnatural. 

Again, noise was a problem in this shot. Plus the light was in a bad position and the top half is underexposed, bottom overexposed. It's just unprofessional. And the fact that the light source keeps jumping around is just comical too as it's another continuity error to add to our long list.

The overall outcome of the footage which was recorded is one of mixed feelings. At first glance, Zach was not at all satisfied with the footage and believed that it looked far too dark and grainy. However, of course we didn't have all the footage anyway and would need to shoot on another day or two anyway so the initial idea was to reshoot the footage earlier on in the day when the lighting is better. However, once Zach put the footage onto Final Cut and played around with some of the effects and watched some of Passion Pit's music videos for editing inspiration, he added a sort of vintage effect to the footage and it somehow enhanced the footage and took any notice off of the graininess, this really reflected the music video 'The Reeling' by Passion Pit. He then showed our teacher who said that it looked much better with the effect on it. However, one item of feedback which stood out to me from the teacher was that there is a lack of initial narrative and that the audience may be slightly confused by the context, therefore we need to adapt on a stronger narrative for the future shoot(s).